\section{実験条件・手順}

\subsection{実験器具}

今回の実験では以下の器具を用いた：

\begin{itemize}
    \item{ブレッドボード Sunhayato SHR-74}
    \item{デジタルマルチメータ SANWA PC700}
    \item{直流安定化電源 KENWOOD PR18-1.2A}
    \item{抵抗器 $1.0 \ \text{k}\Omega \pm 5\%$, 1/4 W}
    \item{抵抗器 $2.2 \ \text{k}\Omega \pm 5\%$, 1/4 W}
    \item{抵抗器 $3.3 \ \text{k}\Omega \pm 5\%$, 1/4 W}
\end{itemize}

\subsection{実験1}

\begin{enumerate}
    \item{\cref{fig:cd-exp1}の回路をブレッドボード上で作成する}
    \item{3種類の抵抗$(R = 1.0 \ \text{k}\Omega, 2.2 \ \text{k}\Omega, 3.3 \ \text{k}\Omega)$について，3つの電源電圧$(E = 3 \ \text{V}, 6 \ \text{V}, 9 \ \text{V})$}における\\電流を測定する
\end{enumerate}

\begin{figure}[tbh]
    \centering
    \begin{circuitikz}
        \draw (0,3) to [cvsourceAM, l=$E$] (0,0);
        \draw (0,3) to [rmeterwa, t=A] (3,3) to [R, l=$R$] (3,0) -- (0,0);
        \draw (3,3) to [short, *-] ++(2,0) to [rmeterwa, t=V, straight instruments] ++(0,-3) to [short, -*] ++(-2,0);
        \draw (0,0) node[ground]{} ++(0,-0.5);
    \end{circuitikz}
    \caption{Circuit Diagram of Experiment \# 1}
    \label{fig:cd-exp1}
\end{figure}

\subsection{実験2}

\begin{enumerate}
    \item{\cref{fig:cd-exp2-a}の回路を作成し，電流$I_1, I_2, I_3$，抵抗$R_1, R_2, R_3$の端子間電圧$V_1, V_2, V_3$および電源電圧$E_1, E_2$を測定する}
    \item{\cref{fig:cd-exp2-b}の回路を作成し，1. 同様に測定する}
\end{enumerate}

\begin{figure}[tbh]
    \centering
    \begin{minipage}[h]{0.90\linewidth}
        \centering
        \begin{circuitikz}
            \draw (0,3) node[above]{a} to [cvsourceAM, l_={$E_1=15 \ \text{V}$}] (0,0) node[left]{f};
            \draw (0,3) to [R, l={$R_1$}, a={$3.3 \ \text{k}\Omega$}, i_={$I_1$}] ++(3,0) node[above]{b};

            \draw (6,3) node[above]{c} to [cvsourceAM, l={$E_2=3 \ \text{V}$}] (6,0) node[right]{d};
            \draw (6,3) to [R, l_={$R_2$}, a^={$1.0 \ \text{k}\Omega$}, i={$I_2$}] ++(-3,0);

            \draw (3,3) node[circ]{} to [R, l={$R_3$}, a={$2.2 \ \text{k}\Omega$}, i={$I_3$}] ++(0,-3) node[circ]{} node[below]{e};
            \draw (6,0) to [short,-*] (0,0);
            \draw (0,0) node[ground]{} ++(0,-0.5);
        \end{circuitikz}
        \subcaption{Circuit (a)}
        \label{fig:cd-exp2-a}
    \end{minipage}
    \begin{minipage}[h]{0.90\linewidth}
        \centering
        \begin{circuitikz}
            \draw (0,3) node[above]{a} to [cvsourceAM, l_={$E_1=15 \ \text{V}$}] (0,0) node[left]{f};
            \draw (0,3) to [R, l={$R_1$}, a={$3.3 \ \text{k}\Omega$}, i_={$I_1$}] ++(3,0) node[above]{b};

            \draw (6,0) node[right]{d} to [cvsourceAM, l_={$E_2=3 \ \text{V}$}] (6,3) node[above]{c};
            \draw (6,3) to [R, l_={$R_2$}, a^={$1.0 \ \text{k}\Omega$}, i={$I_2$}] ++(-3,0);

            \draw (3,3) node[circ]{} to [R, l={$R_3$}, a={$2.2 \ \text{k}\Omega$}, i={$I_3$}] ++(0,-3) node[circ]{} node[below]{e};
            \draw (6,0) to [short,-*] (0,0);
            \draw (0,0) node[ground]{} ++(0,-0.5);
        \end{circuitikz}
        \subcaption{Circuit (b)}
        \label{fig:cd-exp2-b}
    \end{minipage}
    \caption{Circuit Diagrams of Experiment \# 2}
    \label{fig:cd-exp2}
\end{figure}

\subsection{実験3}

\begin{enumerate}
    \item{\cref{fig:cd-exp2-a}の回路を作成し，電流$I_1, I_2, I_3$，抵抗$R_1, R_2, R_3$の端子間電圧$V_1, V_2, V_3$および電源電圧$E_1, E_2$を測定する．この時，$E_2$を取り外し，短絡させる}
    \item{$E_2$を戻し，$E_1$を取り外し，短絡させ，1. 同様に測定する}
    \item{$E_1$を戻し，$E_1, E_2$同時に印加させ，1. 同様に測定する}
\end{enumerate}

なお今回の実験の手順3では実験2の手順1の結果を使用する．

\subsection{実験4}

\begin{enumerate}
    \item{\cref{fig:cd-exp4-oc}を\cref{fig:cd-exp4-ec}の等価回路で表す時，$V_t$と$R_t$を理論的に求める}
    \item{\cref{fig:cd-exp4-oc}の回路を作成し，負荷抵抗$R_L$の端子間電圧とそれに流れ込む電流を測定する}
    \item{\cref{fig:cd-exp4-ec}の回路を作成し，2. 同様に測定する．なお$R_t$には$10 \ \text{k}\Omega$の可変抵抗を使い，電源電圧も理論値$V_t$に設定する}
\end{enumerate}

\begin{figure}[tbh]
    \centering
    \begin{minipage}[h]{0.45\linewidth}
        \centering
        \begin{circuitikz}
            \draw (0,3) to [cvsourceAM, l_={$E_1 = 15 \ \text{V}$}] (0,0);
            \draw (0,3) to [R={$R_1$}, a={$3.3 \ \text{k}\Omega$}] ++(2,0) to [R={$R_2$}, a={$2.2 \ \text{k}\Omega$}] ++(0,-3) to [short, *-*] ++(-2,0);
            \draw (2,3) to [short, *-o] ++(1,0) node[above]{A} -- ++(1,0) to [R={$R_L$}, a={$1 \ \text{k}\Omega$}] ++(0,-3) -- ++(-1,0) node[above]{B} to [short, o-] ++(-1,0);
            \draw (0,0) to node[ground]{} ++(0,-0.5);
        \end{circuitikz}
        \subcaption{Original Circuit}
        \label{fig:cd-exp4-oc}
    \end{minipage}
    \begin{minipage}[h]{0.45\linewidth}
        \centering
        \begin{circuitikz}
            \draw (0,3) to [cvsourceAM, l={$V_t$}] (0,0);
            \draw (0,3) to [R={$R_t$}] ++(2,0) to [short, -o] ++(1,0) node[above]{A} -- ++(1,0) to [R={$R_L$}, a={$1 \ \text{k}\Omega$}] ++(0,-3) -- ++(-1,0) node[above]{B} to [short, o-*] ++(-3,0);
            \draw (0,0) to node[ground]{} ++(0,-0.5);
        \end{circuitikz}
        \subcaption{Equivalent Circuit}
        \label{fig:cd-exp4-ec}
    \end{minipage}
    \caption{Circuit Diagrams of Experiment \# 4}
    \label{fig:cd-exp4}
\end{figure}
